Implementación de un programa de actividad física al aire libre basado en las motivaciones de adultos mayores entre las edades de 60 a 74 Años de la Parroquia San Pablo.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Castro Jiménez, Laura Elizabeth | spa |
| dc.contributor.author | Monroy Arias, Brayan Esteban | spa |
| dc.contributor.author | Torres Gamboa, Rosa Yulieth | spa |
| dc.contributor.author | Mateus Murcia, Hasbleydi Gisseth | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-02-17T18:48:26Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-02-17T18:48:26Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
| dc.description.abstract | El envejecimiento de la población en Colombia presenta un desafío creciente para la salud pública. También es relevante que la baja adherencia de las personas mayores a la actividad física en Colombia constituye la singularidad de este fenómeno. En consecuencia, este trabajo buscó analizar la adherencia generada por un programa de actividad física al aire libre formulado a partir de las motivaciones personales, sociales y ambientales relacionadas con los adultos mayores de la Parroquia San Pablo, Bogotá D.C., entre 60 y 74 años de edad. Esta investigación realizó una metodología mixta con un diseño secuencial que combina un enfoque cualitativo y un enfoque cuantitativo centrado en el componente fenomenológico-hermenéutico y el cuantitativo descriptivo-comparativo. El Marco teórico se sustentó en diferentes teorías tales como: La Teoría de la Autodeterminación de Deci & Ryan (1985), de la cual la persistencia en la práctica surge del cumplimiento de las necesidades de autonomía, competencia y relación social; la Hipótesis de Amortiguación del Apoyo Social de Cohen & Wills (1985), que subraya la interacción grupal proporcionando aislamiento emocional; la Teoría de Ampliar y Construir de las Emociones Positivas de Fredrickson (2001), que asigna la función facilitadora a la alegría; el Modelo Socioecológico de Bronfenbrenner (1994), que considera el entorno como un impulsor de estilos de vida activos; el enfoque de Ejercicio en la Naturaleza de Pretty et al. (2007), que enfatiza los efectos positivos de la experiencia en la naturaleza. Durante la primera fase, se identificaron motivaciones como el disfrute, apoyo social, conexión con el entorno y percepción de la salud, para la segunda fase, se diseñó y llevó a cabo el programa comunitario: se concluyeron tres sesiones semanales de noventa minutos, sumando tres direcciones: física, cognitiva y emocional y finalmente, la adherencia se midió con la ayuda de instrumentos validados internacionalmente: Senior Fitness Test, PALMS, MMSE e IPAQ, respaldados por un control sistemático de asistencia. Todos los resultados señalaron mejoras significativas en el estado físico, la motivación intrínseca y el bienestar emocional, con un aumento general en la continuidad de la práctica. Además, las narrativas mostraron cambios positivos en la percepción del ejercicio, el sentido de pertenencia grupal y la autoconfianza. Para concluir, las intervenciones de actividad física al aire libre fundamentados en teorías motivacionales y ecológicas mejoraron la adherencia al ejercicio y la autonomía, promovieron una vejez funcionalmente activa y emocionalmente satisfactoria. | spa |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | Population aging in Colombia represents a growing challenge for public health, and the low adherence of older adults to physical activity constitutes a distinctive aspect of this phenomenon. Consequently, this study aimed to analyze the adherence generated by an outdoor physical activity program developed from the personal, social, and environmental motivations of older adults aged 60 to 74 years from the Parroquia San Pablo community in Bogotá, D.C. A mixed-methods design with a sequential approach was applied, combining a qualitative and a quantitative phase focused on a phenomenological-hermeneutic and a descriptive-comparative component, respectively. The theoretical framework was based on several key theories: Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985), which explains persistence in practice through the fulfillment of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs; the Social Support Buffering Hypothesis (Cohen & Wills, 1985), which highlights group interaction as a source of emotional protection; the Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions (Fredrickson, 2001), which assigns a facilitating function to joy; the Socioecological Model (Bronfenbrenner, 1994), which views the environment as a determinant of active lifestyles; and the Green Exercise Approach (Pretty et al., 2007), which emphasizes the restorative effects of nature experiences. During the first phase, motivations such as enjoyment, social support, connection with the environment, and health perception were identified. In the second phase, a community-based program was designed and implemented, consisting of three weekly ninety-minute sessions integrating physical, cognitive, and emotional dimensions. Finally, adherence was assessed using internationally validated instruments —the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), PALMS, MMSE, and IPAQ— supported by systematic attendance monitoring. The results indicated significant improvements in physical condition, intrinsic motivation, and emotional well-being, with an overall increase in continuity of practice. Furthermore, participants’ narratives revealed positive changes in exercise perception, group belonging, and self-confidence. In conclusion, outdoor physical activity interventions grounded in motivational and ecological theories enhanced exercise adherence and autonomy, promoting a functionally active and emotionally satisfying aging process. | eng |
| dc.description.degreelevel | Maestría | spa |
| dc.description.degreename | Magister en Ciencias del Deporte y la Actividad Física | spa |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | spa |
| dc.identifier.instname | instname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacional | spa |
| dc.identifier.reponame | reponame: Repositorio Institucional UPN | spa |
| dc.identifier.repourl | repourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/ | |
| dc.identifier.repourl | repourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/ | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/22009 | |
| dc.language.iso | es | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Pedagógica Nacional | spa |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Educación Física | spa |
| dc.publisher.program | Maestría en Ciencias del Deporte y la Actividad Física | spa |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.accessrights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
| dc.rights.creativecommons | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject | Actividad física al aire libre | spa |
| dc.subject | Motivación intrínseca | spa |
| dc.subject | Adherencia al ejercicio | spa |
| dc.subject | Envejecimiento activo | spa |
| dc.subject | Apoyo social | spa |
| dc.subject.keywords | Outdoor physical activity | eng |
| dc.subject.keywords | Intrinsic motivation | eng |
| dc.subject.keywords | Exercise adherence | eng |
| dc.subject.keywords | Active aging | eng |
| dc.subject.keywords | Social support | eng |
| dc.title | Implementación de un programa de actividad física al aire libre basado en las motivaciones de adultos mayores entre las edades de 60 a 74 Años de la Parroquia San Pablo. | spa |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | eng |
| dc.type.hasVersion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dc.type.local | Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Maestría | spa |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dc.type.version | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa |
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