Impacto de un programa de musculación terapéutica en problemas posturales de usuarios del gimnasio de la Facultad de Educación Física : estudio de caso.

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dc.contributor.advisorCardozo, Luis Albertospa
dc.contributor.authorPardo Garcia, Favian Camilospa
dc.contributor.authorVerdugo Marquez, Cristian Camilospa
dc.coverage.spatialBogota, Colombia
dc.coverage.temporalBogota, Colombia - 2025-2026
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-30T21:40:15Z
dc.date.available2026-07-30T21:40:15Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractObjetivo: Evaluar el efecto de un programa de musculación terapéutica de 8 semanas sobre las alteraciones posturales (hipercifosis torácica, hiperlordosis lumbar y cabeza adelantada) en usuarios del gimnasio de una facultad de educación física sede Valmaria. Métodos: Se implementó un estudio de caso con enfoque cuantitativo sin grupo control. La muestra final consistió en 9 participantes seleccionados por conveniencia. Las variables angulares y de composición corporal se evaluaron mediante fotogrametría digital (aplicación APECS) y el protocolo cineantropométrico ISAK (nivel 1 o restricted level). La intervención incluyó ejercicios de fuerza con sobrecarga progresiva y fortalecimiento del Core. El análisis de datos empleó estadística no paramétrica (prueba de Wilcoxon) y análisis inferencial bayesiano. Resultados: Se observó una mejora estadísticamente significativa en la alineación de las axilas (p = .049; tamaño del efecto r = 0.857) y una tendencia marginal de mejora en la alineación de los hombros (p = .056; r = 0.821). Las variaciones en la alineación cervical y pélvica no mostraron cambios significativos. No se registraron efectos adversos. Conclusiones: El programa de musculación terapéutica de ocho semanas demostró ser eficaz para mejorar la alineación del tren superior, específicamente en hombros y axilas, al priorizar la estabilidad funcional y la adaptación neuromuscular sobre la hipertrofia. Sin embargo, este periodo resultó ser insuficiente para revertir las compensaciones crónicas y los engramas motores fuertemente arraigados en los segmentos cervical y lumbopélvico. A partir de estos hallazgos, el estudio concluye que es fundamental diseñar intervenciones más prolongadas y transformar los enfoques de los gimnasios universitarios para que trasciendan la estética, enfocándose en la salud integral, la autonomía funcional y el movimiento libre de dolor.spa
dc.description.abstractenglishObjective: To evaluate the effect of an 8-week therapeutic muscle-building program on postural alterations — specifically thoracic hyperkyphosis, lumbar hyperlordosis, and forward head posture — in users of the gym at a Physical Education Faculty (Valmaría campus, Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia). Methods: A case study design with a quantitative, pre-experimental (pre-test / post-test) approach was implemented without a control group. The final sample consisted of 9 participants selected by convenience sampling. Angular and body composition variables were assessed using digital photogrammetry (APECS application) and the ISAK cineanthropometric protocol (restricted level). The intervention included progressive overload resistance exercises and Core strengthening over 8 weeks. Data analysis employed non-parametric statistics (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) and Bayesian inferential analysis. Results: A statistically significant improvement was observed in axillary alignment (p = .049; effect size r = 0.857) and a marginal positive trend in shoulder alignment (p = .056; r = 0.821). Variations in cervical and pelvic alignment did not reach statistical significance. No adverse effects were recorded. Conclusions: The 8-week therapeutic muscle-building program proved effective in improving upper body alignment — specifically in the shoulder and axillary segments — by prioritizing functional stability and neuromuscular adaptation over hypertrophy. However, this period was insufficient to reverse chronic compensations and deeply embedded motor engrams in the cervical and lumbopelvic segments. These findings underscore the need for longer interventions and a paradigm shift in university gym programming toward comprehensive health, functional autonomy, and pain-free movement.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagister en Ciencias del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
dc.description.sponsorshipuniversidad pedagogica nacional
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Pedagógica Nacionalspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame: Repositorio Institucional UPNspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl: http://repositorio.pedagogica.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12209/22700
dc.language.isoes
dc.publisherUniversidad Pedagógica Nacionalspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Educación Físicaspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias del Deporte y la Actividad Físicaspa
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.creativecommonsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectMusculación terapéuticaspa
dc.subjectAlteraciones posturalesspa
dc.subjectSobrecarga progresivaspa
dc.subjectFotogrametría digitalspa
dc.subjectCorrección posturalspa
dc.subject.keywordsTherapeutic muscle-buildingeng
dc.subject.keywordsPostural alterationseng
dc.subject.keywordsProgressive overloadeng
dc.subject.keywordsDigital photogrammetryeng
dc.subject.keywordsPostural correctioneng
dc.titleImpacto de un programa de musculación terapéutica en problemas posturales de usuarios del gimnasio de la Facultad de Educación Física : estudio de caso.spa
dc.title.translatedImpact of a Therapeutic Muscle-Building Program on the Improvement of Postural Problems in Users of the Physical Education Faculty Gym : a Case Study.eng
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcceng
dc.type.hasVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.localTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Maestríaspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa

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